History

• 493 BC
  First-time mention of the peninsula Athos. At that time the Persian king Dareios sent a fleet against Greece which should lead around the Athos by Mardonius. On account of bad weather the majority of the ships had capsized.
  
  
• 483 BC
  Renewed attempt Persians, to attack Greece from the sea. This time after the legend Persian's king Xerxes allowed to dig a canal at the narrowest place of the Athos. Today a ground depression reminds at Tripiti in the north of Ouranoupoli of the fact, that there water flowed or have flowed.
  
  
• around 40
  After a tradition the virgin Maria should have let herself down in company of the evangelist Johannes at the place of the Athos, in whom today the monastery Iviron is. The reason was bad weather which it had forced to the interstop on the way to Lazarus in Cyprus. Maria liked, in any case, the scenery of the Athos and asked god to make it her to a present. After that god has answered: "This place should belong to you as your paradise garden and harbour for that, which search the rescue." On account of this legend the Athos is considered to this day as the "garden of the mother of god".
  
  
• 7th century
  The first ascetics from the room of front East settled at the peninsula Athos.
  
  
• 9th century
  The first monasteries and cloister communities were founded at the peninsula Athos. Till 15th century the biggest section of the economically usable land of the Halkidiki was in the possession of the Athos monasteries.
  
  
• 855
  The peninsula Athos was determined by a document which emperor Basilius I. of Byzantium issued officially as a "site of the monastic order". With this document it concerns the so-called "golden bull".
  
  
• 10th century
  From the Christian world at that time it drew numerous further monks from other areas on the peninsula Athos. The result were further cloister foundations among other things by Bulgarians, Serbians and Russians.
  
  
• 969
  Completion of the first Athos monastery Megistis Lavra.
  
  
• 972
  Emperor Johannes Tsimiskis accepted the first ode rule Typikon as an official constitution of the monk's republic Athos. This Tragos, a scroll existing from goatskin, determines the living together of the holy communities.
  
  
• 1045
  Emperor Konstantinos Monomachos published the decree valid to this day which prohibits the admission to the holy mountain Athos women strictly.
  
  
• 1060
  The independence of the monk's republic Athos was confirmed by the "golden bull" by the patriarch in Constantinople.
  
  
• 1261
  After the exemption of Constantinople and the restoration of the byzantine empire the Athos monasteries were destroyed by the Catalans. Still in the same century were rebuilt most by them.
  
  
• 1424
  During the osmanic rule the Athos is conquered by Murad II. Immediately taxes were demanded by the monks which most from them made leave their monasteries. Only a few could remain by the support of the ocumenic patriarchy.
  
  
• 1822
  The biggest disaster for the Athos happened during the Greek freeing war. Turkish soldiers massacred monks as well as women who had fled with their childrens there. The Turks looted worth subjects and destroyed numerous precious and irreparable manuscripts and handwritings.
  
  
• 1912
  On the 5th november of the year the monk's republicc was connected again to the state of Greece.
  
  
• 1924
  The holy mountain Athos was appointed a selfadministered part of the Greek state area.
  
  
• 1963
  Millennial existence of the Holy Mount Athos.
  
  
• 1988
  The Holy Mount Athos was appointed to the world cultural heritage by the UNESCO.